Cell Parts and Their Functions
Nucleus - Large Oval body near the centre of the cell.
- The control centre for all activity.
- Surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Nucleoplasm
- is the protoplasm in the nucleus.
- contains genetic material ---> CHROMOSOMES (DNA)
Nucleolus
- is found in the nucleus.
- contains more genetic information (RNA)
Cell Membrane
- the outer boundary of the cell.
- it separates the cell from other cells.
- it is porous ---> allows molecules to pass through.
Cell Wall ( Plant Cells Only )
- non living structure that surrounds the plant cell.
- protects + supports the cell.
- made up of a tough fibre called cellulose.
Cyto Plasm
- cell material outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane.
- clear thick fluid.
- contains structures called organelles.
Vacuoles
- are clear fluid sacs that act as storage areas for food, minerals, and waste.
- in plant cell the vacuoles are large and mostly filled with water. This gives the plant support.
- in animal cells the vacuoles are much smaller.
Mitochondria
- power house of the cell.
- centre of respiration of the cell.
- they release energy for cell functions.
Chloro Plasts ( Plant cells only )
- contains a green pigment known as chlorophyll which is important for photosynthesis.
Ribosomes
- tiny spherical bodies that help make proteins.
- found in the cyto plasm or attached to the endo plasmic reticulum.
Endo Plasmic Reticulum ( ER )
- systems of membranes throughout the cyto plasm.
- it connects the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane.
- passageway for material moving though the cell.
Golgi Bodies
- tube like structures that have tiny sacs at their ends.
- they help package protein.
Lysosomes
- " suicide sacs "
- small structures that contain enzymes which are used in digestion.
- if a lysosome were to burst it could destroy the cell.
Cell Part
Function
Mitochondria Energy center or "powerhouse" of the cell. Turns food into useable energy (ATP) Ribosomes Make protein
Golgi Apparatus Processes, packages and secretes proteins. Like a factory.
Lysosome Contains digestive enzymes, breaks things down, "suicide sac" 
Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth ER - no ribosomes
Rough ER - ribosomes
Transport, "intracellular highway". Ribosomes are positioned along the rough ER, protein made by the ribosomes enter the ER for transport. Nucleolus Located inside the nucleus, makes ribosomes Vacuole Stores water or other substances, plant cells contain a large central vacuole.
Chloroplast Uses sunlight to create food, photosynthesis (only found in plant cells) Cell Wall Provides additional support (plant and bacteria cells)
Microtubules
Part of the cytoskeleton, function in supportAlso make up cilia and flagella (cell movement)
